Month: August 2016

Cool Milling Engineering photos

Cool Milling Engineering photos

Klarm Prototyping

Some cool milling engineering images:

Hagen – Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Zink Walzwerk Karusellgießer Fa. Hoesch
milling engineering
Image by Daniel Mennerich
The Hagen Open-air Museum (LWL-Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Westfälisches Landesmuseum für Handwerk und Technik English: &quotLWL Open-air Museum Hagen – Westphalian State Museum for Craft and Technics&quot) is a museum at Hagen in the southeastern Ruhr area, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded, collectively with the Detmold Open-air Museum, in 1960, and was very first opened to the public in the early 1970s. The museum is run by the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (LWL, regional authority for Westphalia and Lippe inside North Rhine-Westphalia). It lies in the Hagen neighbourhood of Selbecke south of Eilpe in the Mäckingerbach valley.

The open-air museum brings a bit of skilled-trade history into the present, and it takes a hands-on approach. On its grounds stretching for about 42 ha, not only are urban and rural trades basically &quotdisplayed&quot along with their workshops and tools, but in a lot more than twenty of the almost sixty rebuilt workshops, they are nonetheless practised, and interested guests can, often by themselves, take part in the production.

As early as the 1920s, there have been efforts by a group of engineers and historical preservationists to preserve technological monuments for posterity. The initiator, Wilhelm Claas, even recommended the Mäckingerbach valley as a good location for a museum to that end. The narrow valley was chosen, as wind, water and wood had been the 3 most crucial place factors for industry in the 18th and 19th centuries.

In 1960, the Westphalian Open-Air Museum was founded, and thirteen years later, the gates opened to the public. Unlike most open-air museums, which show each day life on the farm or in the nation as it was in days gone by, the Hagen Open-Air Museum puts the history of these activities in Westphalia in the fore. From the late 18th century by means of the early years of the Industrial Revolution to the hugely industrialized society emerging in the early 20th century, the visitor can experience the development of these trades and the business in the area.

Crafts and trades demonstrated at the Westphalian Open-Air Museum contain ropemaking, smithing, brewing, baking, tanning, printing, milling, papermaking, and much a lot more. A favourite attraction is the triphammer workshop shown in the image above. As soon as the hammer is engaged, a craftsman goes to perform noisily forging a scythe, passing it in between the hammer and the anvil underneath in a procedure named peening.

The Hagen Westphalian Open-Air Museum is open from March or April until October.

Hagen – Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Sensenschmiede 07
milling engineering
Image by Daniel Mennerich
The Hagen Open-air Museum (LWL-Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Westfälisches Landesmuseum für Handwerk und Technik English: &quotLWL Open-air Museum Hagen – Westphalian State Museum for Craft and Technics&quot) is a museum at Hagen in the southeastern Ruhr region, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded, together with the Detmold Open-air Museum, in 1960, and was first opened to the public in the early 1970s. The museum is run by the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (LWL, regional authority for Westphalia and Lippe within North Rhine-Westphalia). It lies in the Hagen neighbourhood of Selbecke south of Eilpe in the Mäckingerbach valley.

The open-air museum brings a bit of skilled-trade history into the present, and it takes a hands-on approach. On its grounds stretching for about 42 ha, not only are urban and rural trades just &quotdisplayed&quot along with their workshops and tools, but in much more than twenty of the nearly sixty rebuilt workshops, they are nevertheless practised, and interested visitors can, occasionally by themselves, take component in the production.

As early as the 1920s, there were efforts by a group of engineers and historical preservationists to preserve technological monuments for posterity. The initiator, Wilhelm Claas, even suggested the Mäckingerbach valley as a very good location for a museum to that end. The narrow valley was selected, as wind, water and wood were the 3 most important place variables for market in the 18th and 19th centuries.

In 1960, the Westphalian Open-Air Museum was founded, and thirteen years later, the gates opened to the public. In contrast to most open-air museums, which show each day life on the farm or in the country as it was in days gone by, the Hagen Open-Air Museum puts the history of these activities in Westphalia in the fore. From the late 18th century by way of the early years of the Industrial Revolution to the very industrialized society emerging in the early 20th century, the visitor can encounter the development of these trades and the industry in the region.

Crafts and trades demonstrated at the Westphalian Open-Air Museum incorporate ropemaking, smithing, brewing, baking, tanning, printing, milling, papermaking, and significantly much more. A favourite attraction is the triphammer workshop shown in the image above. As soon as the hammer is engaged, a craftsman goes to function noisily forging a scythe, passing it amongst the hammer and the anvil underneath in a method known as peening.

The Hagen Westphalian Open-Air Museum is open from March or April until October.

Hagen – Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Sensenschmiede 04
milling engineering
Image by Daniel Mennerich
The Hagen Open-air Museum (LWL-Freilichtmuseum Hagen – Westfälisches Landesmuseum für Handwerk und Technik English: &quotLWL Open-air Museum Hagen – Westphalian State Museum for Craft and Technics&quot) is a museum at Hagen in the southeastern Ruhr location, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded, collectively with the Detmold Open-air Museum, in 1960, and was first opened to the public in the early 1970s. The museum is run by the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (LWL, regional authority for Westphalia and Lippe within North Rhine-Westphalia). It lies in the Hagen neighbourhood of Selbecke south of Eilpe in the Mäckingerbach valley.

The open-air museum brings a bit of skilled-trade history into the present, and it requires a hands-on strategy. On its grounds stretching for about 42 ha, not only are urban and rural trades basically &quotdisplayed&quot along with their workshops and tools, but in a lot more than twenty of the nearly sixty rebuilt workshops, they are nonetheless practised, and interested visitors can, at times by themselves, take portion in the production.

As early as the 1920s, there have been efforts by a group of engineers and historical preservationists to preserve technological monuments for posterity. The initiator, Wilhelm Claas, even suggested the Mäckingerbach valley as a good place for a museum to that finish. The narrow valley was selected, as wind, water and wood had been the 3 most critical place factors for market in the 18th and 19th centuries.

In 1960, the Westphalian Open-Air Museum was founded, and thirteen years later, the gates opened to the public. In contrast to most open-air museums, which show everyday life on the farm or in the country as it was in days gone by, the Hagen Open-Air Museum puts the history of these activities in Westphalia in the fore. From the late 18th century by way of the early years of the Industrial Revolution to the highly industrialized society emerging in the early 20th century, the visitor can knowledge the development of these trades and the sector in the region.

Crafts and trades demonstrated at the Westphalian Open-Air Museum contain ropemaking, smithing, brewing, baking, tanning, printing, milling, papermaking, and considerably much more. A favourite attraction is the triphammer workshop shown in the image above. Once the hammer is engaged, a craftsman goes to function noisily forging a scythe, passing it amongst the hammer and the anvil underneath in a procedure named peening.

The Hagen Westphalian Open-Air Museum is open from March or April until October.

Nice Higher Precision Engineering photographs

Nice Higher Precision Engineering photographs

Klarm Prototyping

A handful of nice high precision engineering photos I identified:

Image from page 240 of “The Bell System technical journal” (1922)
high precision engineering
Image by Net Archive Book Photos
Identifier: bellsystemtechni16amerrich
Title: The Bell Program technical journal
Year: 1922 (1920s)
Authors: American Telephone and Telegraph Company
Subjects: Telecommunication Electric engineering Communication Electronics Science Technologies
Publisher: [Quick Hills, N.J., and so on., American Phone and Telegraph Co.]
Contributing Library: Prelinger Library
Digitizing Sponsor: World wide web Archive

View Book Web page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Pictures From Book

Click here to view book on the web to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Just before Image:
an addi-tional 60-turn winding was used for checking the measurements in thelow-frequency variety. In either case the inductance was low enoughto depress any effect of distributed capacitance far below the precisionof the measurements. Measurements have been produced on a ten-ohm equal ratio arm inductance MAGNETIC LOSSES AT LOW FLUX DENSITIES 217 comparison bridge,^ and were verified at low frequencies employing a 1-ohmratio arm bridge. Calibration of the bridge and common coils wasefifected by creating measurements over the whole frequency range on acalibrated higher good quality air core coil substituted for the test coil. Themaximum correction essential on this account was about .1per cent of the resistance due to the magnetic core. The supply of alternating present was an oscillator-amplifier supply-ing approximately .four watt undistorted energy, calibrated for thesemeasurements against the Laboratories standard frequency. Thecurrent was adjusted by the insertion of resistance in series with the

Text Appearing Following Image:
5 6 7 eight 9 H IN OERSTEADS X ten^ Fig. 2—Core permeability as measured by the ballistic galvanometer. main of the bridge input transformer, and was measured by meansof a thermocouple amongst the transformer secondary and the bridge.The bridge unbalance was amplified by signifies of an impedancecoupled amplifier for the 10-ohm bridge, and by indicates of a resistancecoupled amplifier for the 1-ohm bridge. The amplified unbalance wasobserved by means of head phones at frequencies above 200 cycles, andby means of a vibration galvanometer at lower frequencies. The d.-c.balance required bridge current of about 3 m.a. in the test coil winding,and had the identical precision as the a.-c. balance, viz., db .0002 ohm.The inductance readings had been corrected for the air space within thewinding, and had a relative accuracy of about .03 per cent, and anabsolute accuracy of around .1 per cent. 218 BELL Method TECHNICAL JOURNAL D.-C. Final results The permeability n = BmjHm of the specimen is shown as a enjoyable

Note About Images
Please note that these images are extracted from scanned web page photos that might have been digitally enhanced for readability – coloration and appearance of these illustrations may possibly not perfectly resemble the original operate.

Boeing B-17 – Duxford Airshow Oct 2010
high precision engineering
Image by Feggy Art
Boeing B-17 at Duxford Airshow October 2010.

The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress was a four-engine heavy bomber aircraft developed in the 1930s for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC). Competing against Douglas and Martin for a contract to develop 200 bombers, the Boeing entry outperformed each competitors and a lot more than met the Air Corps’ expectations. Though Boeing lost the contract because the prototype crashed, the Air Corps was so impressed with Boeing’s style that they ordered 13 much more B-17s for additional evaluation. From its introduction in 1938, the B-17 Flying Fortress evolved through numerous style advances.

The B-17 was primarily employed by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) in the daylight precision strategic bombing campaign of Planet War II against German industrial and military targets. The United States Eighth Air Force primarily based at Thorpe Abbotts airfield in England and the Fifteenth Air Force primarily based in Italy complemented the RAF Bomber Command’s evening time area bombing in Operation Pointblank to assist safe air superiority more than the cities, factories and battlefields of Western Europe in preparation for Operation Overlord. The B-17 also participated to a lesser extent in the War in the Pacific exactly where it carried out raids against Japanese shipping and airfields.

From its pre-war inception, the USAAC (later USAAF) touted the aircraft as a strategic weapon it was a potent, high-flying, extended-variety bomber that was capable to defend itself, and to return house despite comprehensive battle harm. It rapidly took on mythic proportions, and widely circulated stories and photographs of B-17s surviving battle damage increased its iconic status. With a service ceiling higher than any of its Allied contemporaries, the B-17 established itself as an effective weapons system, dropping more bombs than any other U.S. aircraft in Planet War II. Of the 1.5 million metric tons of bombs dropped on Germany by U.S. aircraft, 640,000 tons had been dropped from B-17s.

Common characteristics

•Crew: 10: Pilot, co-pilot, navigator, bombardier/nose gunner, flight engineer-best turret gunner, radio operator, waist gunners (2), ball turret gunner, tail gunner
•Length: 74 ft four in (22.66 m)
•Wingspan: 103 ft 9 in (31.62 m)
•Height: 19 ft 1 in (5.82 m)
•Wing area: 1,420 sq ft (131.92 m2)
•Airfoil: NACA 0018 / NACA 0010
•Aspect ratio: 7.57
•Empty weight: 36,135 lb (16,391 kg)
•Loaded weight: 54,000 lb (24,500 kg)
•Max takeoff weight: 65,500 lb (29,700 kg)
•Powerplant: 4× Wright R-1820-97 Cyclone turbo supercharged radial engines, 1,200 hp (895 kW) each and every

Overall performance

•Maximum speed: 287 mph (249 kn, 462 km/h)
•Cruise speed: 182 mph (158 kn, 293 km/h)
•Range: 2,000 mi (1,738 nmi, 3,219 km) with two,700 kg (six,000 lb) bombload
•Service ceiling: 35,600 ft (ten,850 m)
•Rate of climb: 900 ft/min (four.six m/s)
•Wing loading: 38. lb/sq ft (185.7 kg/m2)
•Power/mass: .089 hp/lb (150 W/kg)

Armament

•Guns: 13 × .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine guns in 4 turrets in dorsal, ventral, nose and tail, 2 in waist positions, two beside cockpit and 1 in the reduce dorsal position
•Bombs:
•Short range missions (&lt400 mi): 8,000 lb (three,600 kg)
•Long variety missions (≈800 mi): four,500 lb (two,000 kg)
•Overload: 17,600 lb (7,800 kg)

Text and specifications based on Wikipedia write-up below the Inventive Commons License for non-profit use.

This is the Boeing B17G-105-VE Flying Fortress 124485 G-BEDF (Memphis Belle)

Sheet Metal Tools

Sheet Metal Tools

Klarm Prototyping

Sheet metal is nothing but a metal rotated into a sheet getting a thickness between the plate and the foil. It is one particular of the fundamental types utilized in metal working and it can be bent and cut into distinct shapes. The thickness of this material varies from thin foil to thick plate. They are obtainable as coiled strip or as flat pieces. Coiled strips are nothing at all but the continuous operating of the sheet. Various metals like brass, titanium, and aluminum, and copper, nickel, tin and steel are converted into sheets of metal. Often, even valuable metals like platinum, gold and silver are converted into sheet metals for decorative purposes. Every day different objects like automobile bodies, wings of airplane, constructing roofs, health-related tables and tools are manufactured with the help of sheets of metal. The tools utilized for cutting the sheet metal differ according to the purpose for which the sheets of metal is going to be employed.

Diverse tools like metal rollers, tip snips, and so forth. are getting utilised to reduce the sheet metal. The difficulty level in making use of sheet metal tools can be challenging or effortless this depends on the tools becoming employed. For instance, for the approach of deep drawing, metal rollers can be utilized and thick sheets can be bent by employing a tool referred to as press-brake.

For the objective of stamping designs and pictures in the sheet metal a tool known as machine or stamping press is getting utilized. Thus, each and every tool makes its own impact on the metal. The most essential advantage of making use of these tools is that a tool offered for one particular purpose require not be used for some other purpose. For instance for deep drawing of sheets of metal, the tool called rollers would be the best selection, rather if the tool named press-brake is employed for this goal the desired result cannot be attained. So distinct tools can be used for distinct goal, this aids the technician to shape the metal according to his desire.

Sheets of metal tools are employed for different purposes like wheeling, deep drawing, ironing, cutting, bending, perforating, stamping, spinning, rolling, press-brake forming, roll forming, etc.

Sheet metal tools need to be utilised with utmost care. It is much better to use the sheet metal tools only soon after obtaining education in making use of them. If an inexperienced person makes use of the tools he could get some injuries and it is also protected to hold the sheet tools out of the attain of the children.

Sheet Metal Tools are extremely valuable when attempting to fix things about the property that involve metal plating, sheeting or otherwise. They may possibly even be valuable when fixing your car ports as they at times get dents from other automobiles or your own.

Discover More China Sheet Metal Articles

That Was the Year That Was – 1966

That Was the Year That Was – 1966

Klarm Prototyping

A few nice prototype manufacturers in china images I found:

That Was the Year That Was – 1966
prototype manufacturers in china
Image by brizzle born and bred
The swinging sixties were in full flow, but in some corners of the world the peace and love mantra of the flower-power generation could not be heard.

Even as hippies in London and San Francisco were weaving daisies into their hair, in China Mao Tse-Tung launched the Cultural Revolution, a 10-year political campaign aimed at rekindling revolutionary Communist fervour. Brandishing their copies of Mao’s Little Red Book of quotations, students of the Communist Party – the so-called Red Guards – pursued an ideological cleansing campaign in which they renounced and attacked anyone suspected of being an intellectual, or a member of the bourgeoisie. Thousands of Chinese citizens were executed, and millions more were yoked into manual labour in the decade that followed.

Meanwhile, the US government, under president Lyndon B Johnson, was escalating its military presence in Vietnam. By the year’s end, American troop levels had reached 389,000, with more than 5,000 combat deaths and over 30,000 wounded. The war was a brutal and dirty one, with many US casualties caused by sniper fire, booby traps and mines.

The Americans responded by sending B-52 bombers over North Vietnam, and by launching the infamous Search and Destroy policy on the ground.

"To know war," Johnson said in his State of the Union address before Congress, in January 1966, "is to know that there is still madness in this world".

www.youtube.com/watch?v=InRDF_0lfHk

There was bloodshed on the streets of London too, when Ronnie Kray, brother of Reggie, shot George Cornell dead in the Blind Beggar pub in Whitechapel in March.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=-rhr8Vjzy8E

Two years after his proclamations about the "white heat of technology" Harold Wilson was prime minister of a Labour government that included technology minister Tony Benn. If Benn was pleased to witness the introduction of the first homegrown UK credit card – The Barclaycard – in 1966, he was in the minority. The card was met with "a tidal wave of indifference", according to a Barclays executive.

Perhaps the UK public simply had other things on their minds.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRuVVqn63co

This was, after all, the year in which Bobby Moore’s England beat the Germans 4-2 to lift the World Cup at Wembley.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=3T6IY2fz_Mc

Musically, 1966 was a vintage year. Jim Reeves’ Distant Drums knocked the Small Faces’ All or Nothing off the top spot. Other number ones in the year included Frank Sinatra’s Strangers in the Night, Good Vibrations by the Beach Boys, the Walker Brothers’ The Sun Ain’t Gonna Shine Anymore and The Green, Green Grass of Home by Tom Jones.

The Beatles and the Rolling Stones also continued their dominance of the music scene, with Yellow Submarine, Eleanor Rigby, Paperback Writer and Paint it Black all topping the charts.

A Man for all Seasons won Best Picture at the 1966 Oscars, and its star Paul Scofield won Best Actor. Other films released this year included Georgy Girl, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf, Alfie and the Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzQTF–oQ-U

On the small screen, viewers were subjected to the rants of Alf Garnet in Till Death us do Part; while US audiences were introduced to the delights of the Monkees and Star Trek. And the dynamic duo, Batman and Robin, thwarted lute-playing electronics genius the Minstrel as he tried to sabotage the computer systems at the Gotham City Stock Exchange.

"Batman heads off new corporate IT disaster" – now there’s a headline to conjure with.

The Queen opens the £10 million Severn Bridge on September 8. The Severn Bridge was opened in 1966 to replace the ferry service crossing from Aust to Beachley. The new bridge provided a direct link for the M4 motorway into Wales.

The Severn Bridge has now carried more than 300,000,000 vehicles since it was opened in 1966. Between 1980 and 1990 traffic flows increased by 63% and there were severe congestion problems in the summer and at peak times each day. Further increases in traffic flows were expected in the years ahead. The problems encountered on the Severn Bridge were made worse by the occasional high winds, accidents and breakdowns. It is for these reasons that the Second Severn Crossing was constructed as without it congestion would become more serious and frequent on the M4, M5 and the local road network.

Bristol’s Mecca Centre opens

1966 – Thursday May 19 is a glittering night in Bristol when 800 of the West Country’s VIPs are invited to the opening of the city centre’s brand new £32 million leisure complex on Frogmore Street With a dozen licensed bars, a casino, a cinema, a night club, an ice rink and a thousand plastic palm trees, this is the biggest entertainment palace anywhere in Europe and somewhere to rival the West End of London. There are girls! In bikinis! There’s even pineapple! On sticks! Drivers park their Hillman Imps in the multi-story car park!

And, amazingly enough, the venue has been an entertainment centre ever since. Bristol . . . entertainments capital of the South West, and one of the entertainments attractions of Europe. That was the talk of the town when Mecca moved into Bristol, splashed out a fortune and began building the New Entertainments Centre in Frogmore Street, towering over the ancient Hatchet Inn and the Georgian and Regency streets nearby.

The New Entertainments Centre wasn’t just big, it was enormous and it was what 60s leisure and fun-time were all about, Mecca promised. Here, slap bang in the middle of Bristol, the company was creating the largest entertainment centre in the whole of Europe. A dozen licensed bars, an ice rink, bowling lanes, a casino, a night club, a grand cinema, asumptuous ballroom and, naturally, a multi-storey car park to accommodate all those Zephyr Zodiacs, Anglias, Westminsters, Minis, Victors and Imps etc which would come pouring into town bringing the 5,000 or so customers who would flock to the centre every day.

London might have its famous West End. Bristol had its Frogmore Street palace of fun and the opening night of the biggest attraction of all, the Locarno Ballroom, on May 19th was the Night To Crown All First Nights, the Post proudly announced. Sparkling lights, plastic palm trees in shadily-lit bars, a revolving stage, dolly birds in fishnet tights and grass skirts . . . this was glamour a la mid-60s and Bristol loved it.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNk8yuZ4lbI

Horace Batchelor K-E-Y-N-S-H-A-M

1966 – KEYNSHAM became a familiar household name to millions of Radio Luxembourg listeners across Europe in the 1950s and 1960s — thanks to a local betting expert.

Self-styled ‘football pools king’ Horace Batchelor helped punters win a total of more than £12 million between 1948 and 1971 at a time when £75,000 was a fortune and his series of radio ads always mentioned mentioned Keynsham, which Horace would then spell out.

Customers followed his unique ‘infra draw’ tip system, which forecast which matches would be drawn in the pools. He put the otherwise little-known town on the map by spelling out its name letter by letter so listeners would address their applications correctly when ordering tips by post.

His ads included genial patter such as: ‘Hello, friends — this is Horace Batchelor, the inventor of the fabulous Infra-Draw system. You too can start to win really worthwhile dividends using my method.’

Members of the system clubbed together to enter very large permutations with a good chance of winning the pools and then sharing the takings — though each individual only received a small fraction of each big windfall. Horace himself set a world record by personally netting more than 30 first dividends and thousands of second and third dividends.

During his heyday up to 5.000 orders a day were delivered via Keynsham to his office in Old Market, Bristol. His first major pools win came in 1948 when he was presented with £11,321 at Bedminster’s Rex Cinema —part of the biggest dividend then paid by Sherman’s Pools.

It also included £45,000 which he shared with syndicate members. – By 1955 he had won enough to live in luxury, running three cars and puffing cigars in an 18-room house. He later retired to a 27-bedroom ‘Batchelor pad’ in Bath Road, Saltford, a small village just outside of Keynsham, which he named ‘Infra -Grange’ after his system.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=FU7MMdlATZQ

Pickles was made Dog of the Year in 1966

Pickles, the mongrel dog who found the World Cup in a London street after it had been stolen three months before the 1966 finals, became a bigger story than that year’s general election.

In March 1966, a few months before the start of the World Cup finals in England, a mongrel dog named Pickles found the missing Jules Rimet trophy in a London street.

One week before Pickles came to the rescue, the priceless trophy had been stolen from the Westminster’s Methodist Central Hall where it was being displayed, albeit in a glass cabinet.

And this despite the presence of no less than five security guards. On that fateful Sunday, however, the guard stationed next to the trophy had taken the day off. The thieves stole in through a back door and snatched away the World Cup.

For his winning role in the tale, Pickles was made Dog of the Year in 1966 and awarded a year’s free supply of dog food. His owner, a Thames lighterman named David Corbett, was a prime suspect in the case and police questioned him for hours before he was cleared.

With a dramatic goal in the final moments of what was a nail-biting match, England finally became soccer World Cup champions, securing a 4-2 win over West Germany at London’s Wembley Stadium. It was just one of the many highlights of 1966 that are etched on my memory from a year that had its fair share of controversy and tragedy as well as producing some outstanding music.

‘more popular than Jesus’

Controversy come in the wake of John Lennon’s quip in a newspaper interview that The Beatles were ‘more popular than Jesus now’. It caused a furor and led to thousands of the group’s records being burned on bonfires in protest in some parts of America. I recall seeing the news coverage on TV showing angry groups of people tossing piles of vinyl in to the flames. It was far cry from the outpourings of adoration and admiration that the Liverpool lads usually enjoyed. And for a while threatened to damage their reputation.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZ6NL3iNNMs

The anti-Beatles outcry did however subside following an apology from Lennon and things eventually got back to normal on the Fab Four front. The catchy Paperback Writer topped the charts and their imaginative album Revolver reinstated their popularity.

Aberfan coal tip disaster in Wales

One of the most tragic events that year In Britain was the Aberfan coal tip disaster in Wales that claimed 144 lives, including 116 children. I was at work on a weekly newspaper on the October morning it happened. My colleagues and I had a radio on and listened to updates on and off throughout the day as rescuers dug through the tons of slurry that had roared down the hillside, desperately trying to find survivors in the mangled remains of the school building. I’ll always remember that it was a very dark period, particularly as so many young lives had been lost in what was later shown to have been an avoidable tragedy.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lzJLww3DvM

On the music front, 1966 threw up several gems, not least some groundbreaking offerings from The Beach Boys. It was, of course, the year that the magical singles Good Vibrations and God Only Knows and the grandiose album Pet Sounds set new standards in rock recording. Indeed, such was the excellence of the band at that time that it spurred The Beatles on to experiment and push their own musical boundaries still further.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOMyS78o5YI

Motown was in its glory too, and The Four Tops epitomized all that was great about the sounds made under the guidance of Berry Gordy in the bustling, vibrant city that was Detroit. Reach Out I’ll Be There.

Other memorable songs, were Dusty Springfield’s You Don’t Have To Say You Love Me, the Spencer Davis Group’s Somebody Help Me, the Rolling Stones Paint It Black, The Walker Brothers’ operatic The Sun Ain’t `Gonna Shine Anymore, and Chris Farlowe’s cover version of the Stones’ Out Of Time. All of them are classics of rock.

Tom Jones’ Green, Green Grass of Home was the biggest selling single. Way before The Voice!

www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSajFnkUxQY

George Harrison married Patti Boyd.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm8oTkuIJgs

Sergio Leone created the spaghetti western with The Good, The Bad and The Ugly starring Clint Eastwood. Due to the striking height difference between Clint Eastwood and Eli Wallach of over 9 inches, it was sometimes difficult to include them in the same frame.

Because Sergio Leone spoke barely any English and Eli Wallach spoke barely any Italian, the two communicated in French.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PgAKzmWmuk

In the 1960s Michael Caine was a cocky young British movie star with a Cockney accent. He played a caddish womanizer in Alfie (1966) "Not a lot of people know that"

Adam Sandler, Halle Berry, David Schwimmer, David Cameron, Cindy Crawford, Helena Bonham Carter were all born in 1966.

The first episode of Star Trek aired.

Walt Disney died.

The Beatles achieved their 10th number 1!

The Sound of Music won Best Picture at the Oscars.

Twiggy was named the face of ’66 by Daily Express.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncuD39xi-7M

1966 was also the year that the term Swinging London was coined by Time magazine, and as they say the rest is history

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDIxIqc0Qkw

For a few years in the 1960s, London was the world capital of cool. When Time magazine dedicated its 15 April 1966 issue to London: the Swinging City, it cemented the association between London and all things hip and fashionable that had been growing in the popular imagination throughout the decade.

London’s remarkable metamorphosis from a gloomy, grimy post-War capital into a bright, shining epicentre of style was largely down to two factors: youth and money. The baby boom of the 1950s meant that the urban population was younger than it had been since Roman times.

By the mid-60s, 40% of the population at large was under 25. With the abolition of National Service for men in 1960, these young people had more freedom and fewer responsibilities than their parents’ generation. They rebelled against the limitations and restrictions of post-War society. In short, they wanted to shake things up… Added to this, Londoners had more disposable income than ever before – and were looking for ways to spend it. Nationally, weekly earnings in the ‘60s outstripped the cost of living by a staggering 183%: in London, where earnings were generally higher than the national average, the figure was probably even greater.

This heady combination of affluence and youth led to a flourishing of music, fashion, design and anything else that would banish the post-War gloom. Fashion boutiques sprang up willy-nilly.

Men flocked to Carnaby St, near Soho, for the latest ‘Mod’ fashions. While women were lured to the King’s Rd, where Mary Quant’s radical mini skirts flew off the rails of her iconic store, Bazaar.

Even the most shocking or downright barmy fashions were popularised by models who, for the first time, became superstars. Jean Shrimpton was considered the symbol of Swinging London, while Twiggy was named The Face of 1966. Mary Quant herself was the undisputed queen of the group known as The Chelsea Set, a hard-partying, socially eclectic mix of largely idle ‘toffs’ and talented working-class movers and shakers.

Music was also a huge part of London’s swing. While Liverpool had the Beatles, the London sound was a mix of bands who went on to worldwide success, including The Who, The Kinks, The Small Faces and The Rolling Stones. Their music was the mainstay of pirate radio stations like Radio Caroline and Radio Swinging England. Creative types of all kinds gravitated to the capital, from artists and writers to magazine publishers, photographers, advertisers, film-makers and product designers.

But not everything in London’s garden was rosy. Immigration was a political hot potato: by 1961, there were over 100,000 West Indians in London, and not everyone welcomed them with open arms. The biggest problem of all was a huge shortage of housing to replace bombed buildings and unfit slums and cope with a booming urban population. The badly-conceived solution – huge estates of tower blocks – and the social problems they created, changed the face of London for ever. By the 1970s, with industry declining and unemployment rising,

Swinging London seemed a very dim and distant memory.

1966 in British music

14 January – Young singer David Jones changes his last name to Bowie to avoid confusion with Davy Jones (later of the Monkees).

19 January – Michael Tippett conducts the performance of his cantata The Vision of St Augustine in London.

6 February – The Animals appear a fifth time on The Ed Sullivan Show to perform their iconic Vietnam-anthem hit "We Gotta Get Out of this Place".

www.youtube.com/watch?v=D88vc_GWw-g

4 March – The Beatles’ John Lennon is quoted in The Evening Standard as saying that the band was now more popular than Jesus. In August, following publication of this remark in Datebook, there are Beatles protests and record burnings in the Southern US’s Bible Belt.

5 March – The UK’s Kenneth McKellar, singing "A Man Without Love", finishes 9th in the 11th Eurovision Song Contest, which is won by Udo Jürgens of Austria.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=SH8BQmfhUgo

6 March – In the UK, 5,000 fans of the Beatles sign a petition urging British Prime minister Harold Wilson to reopen Liverpool’s Cavern Club.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1SQ99AYudo

16 April – Disc Weekly is incormporated with Music Echo magazine.

1 May – The Beatles, The Rolling Stones and the Who perform at the New Musical Express’ poll winners’ show in London. The show is televised, but The Beatles’ and The Stones’ segments are omitted because of union conflicts.

13 May – The Rolling Stones release "Paint It, Black", which becomes the first number one hit single in the US and UK to feature a sitar (in this case played by Brian Jones).

17 May – American singer Bob Dylan and the Hawks (later The Band) perform at the Free Trade Hall, Manchester. Dylan is booed by the audience because of his decision to tour with an
electric band, the boos culminating in the famous "Judas" shout.

2 July – The Beatles become the first musical group to perform at the Nippon Budokan Hall in Tokyo. The performance ignites protests from local citizens who felt that it was inappropriate for a rock and roll band to play at Budokan, a place – until then – designated to the practice of martial arts.

11 August – John Lennon holds a press conference in Chicago, Illinois to apologize for his remarks the previous March. "I suppose if I had said television was more popular than Jesus, I would have gotten away with it. I’m sorry I opened my mouth. I’m not anti-God, anti-Christ, or anti-religion. I was not knocking it. I was not saying we are greater or better."

29 August – The Beatles perform their last official concert at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, California.

16 September – Eric Burdon records a solo album after leaving The Animals and appears on "Ready, Steady, Go", singing "Help Me Girl", a UK #14 solo hit. Also on the show are Otis Redding and Chris Farlowe.

9 November – John Lennon meets Yoko Ono when he attends a preview of her art exhibition at the Indica Gallery in London.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhJIiEeMeF0

9 December – The Who release their second album A Quick One with a nine-minute "mini-opera" A Quick One While He’s Away.

16 December – The Jimi Hendrix Experience release their first single in the UK, "Hey Joe".

www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3JsuWz4xWc

1966 in British television

3 January – Camberwick Green is the first BBC television programme to be shot in colour.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWUu-LTFJjE

3 March – The BBC announces plans to begin broadcasting television programmes in colour from next year.

5 April – The Money Programme debuts on BBC2. It continued to air until 2010.

23 May – Julie Goodyear makes her Coronation Street debut as Bet Lynch. She did not become a regular character until 1970.

6 June – BBC1 sitcom Till Death Us Do Part begins its first series run.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNSbMNl9K7Q

30 July – England beat West Germany 4-2 to win the 1966 World Cup at Wembley.

Summer – Patrick McGoohan quits the popular spy series Danger Man after filming only two episodes of the fourth season, in order to produce and star in The Prisoner, which begins filming in September.

2 October – The four-part serial Talking to a Stranger, acclaimed as one of the finest British television dramas of the 1960s, begins transmission in the Theatre 625 strand on BBC2.

29 October – Actor William Hartnell makes his last regular appearance as the First Doctor in the concluding moments of Episode 4 of the Doctor Who serial The Tenth Planet. Actor Patrick Troughton briefly appears as the Second Doctor at the conclusion of the serial.

5 November – Actor Patrick Troughton appears in his first full Doctor Who serial The Power of the Daleks as the Second Doctor.

16 November – Cathy Come Home, possibly the best-known play ever to be broadcast on British television, is presented in BBC1’s The Wednesday Play anthology strand.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMR8KYDkRqk

BBC1

3 January – The Trumptonshire Trilogy: Camberwick Green
5 January – Softly, Softly (1966–1969)
10 March – The Frost Report (1966)
7 May – Quick Before They Catch Us (1966)
17 May – All Gas and Gaiters (1966–1971)
24 May – Beggar My Neighbour (1966–1968)
7 August – It’s a Knockout (BBC1 1966–1982
17 November – The Illustrated Weekly Hudd (1966–1967)

BBC2

5 April – The Money Programme (1966–2010)

ITV

22 March – How (1966–1981)

1966 Events

3 January – British Rail begins full electric passenger train services over the West Coast Main Line from Euston to Manchester and Liverpool with 100 mph (160 km/h) operation from London to Rugby. Services officially inaugurated 18 April.

Stop-motion children’s television series Camberwick Green first shown on BBC1.

4 January – More than 4,000 people attend a memorial service at Westminster Abbey for the broadcaster Richard Dimbleby, who died last month aged 52.

12 January – Three British MPs visiting Rhodesia (Christopher Rowland, Jeremy Bray and David Ennals) are assaulted by supporters of Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith.

20 January – The Queen commutes the death sentence on a black prisoner in Rhodesia, two months after its abolition in Britain.

Radio Caroline South pirate radio ship MV Mi Amigo runs aground on the beach at Frinton.

21 January – The Smith regime in Rhodesia rejects the Royal Prerogative commuting death sentences on two Africans.

31 January – United Kingdom ceases all trade with Rhodesia.

9 February – A prototype Fast Reactor nuclear reactor opens at Dounreay on the north coast of Scotland.

17 February – Britain protests to South Africa over its supplying of petrol to Rhodesia.

19 February – Naval minister Christopher Mayhew resigns.

28 February – Harold Wilson calls a general election for 31 March, in hope of increasing his single-seat majority.

1 March – Chancellor of the Exchequer James Callaghan announces the decision to embrace decimalisation of the pound (which will be effected on 15 February 1971).

4 March – In an interview published in The Evening Standard, John Lennon of The Beatles comments, "We’re more popular than Jesus now".

Britain recognized the new regime in Ghana.

5 March – BOAC Flight 911 crashes in severe clear-air turbulence over Mount Fuji soon after taking off from Tokyo International Airport in Japan, killing all 124 on board.

9 March – Ronnie, one of the Kray twins, shoots George Cornell (an associate of rivals The Richardson Gang) dead at The Blind Beggar pub in Whitechapel, east London, a crime for which he is finally convicted in 1969.

11 March – Chi-Chi, the London Zoo’s giant panda, is flown to Moscow for a union with An-An of the Moscow Zoo.

20 March – Theft of football’s FIFA World Cup Trophy whilst on exhibition in London.

23 March – Pope Paul VI and Michael Ramsey, the Archbishop of Canterbury, meet in Rome.

27 March – Pickles, a mongrel dog, finds the FIFA World Cup Trophy wrapped in newspaper in a south London garden.

30 March – Opinion polls show that the Labour government is on course to win a comfortable majority in the general election tomorrow.

31 March – The Labour Party under Harold Wilson win the general election with a majority of 96 seats. At the 1964 election they had a majority of five but subsequent by-election defeats had led to that being reduced to just one seat before this election. The Birmingham Edgbaston seat is retained for the Conservatives by Jill Knight in succession to Edith Pitt, the first time two women MPs have followed each other in the same constituency.

6 April – Hoverlloyd inaugurate the first Cross-Channel hovercraft service, from Ramsgate harbour to Calais using passenger-carrying SR.N6 craft.

7 April – The United Kingdom asks the UN Security Council authority to use force to stop oil tankers that violate the oil embargo against Rhodesia. Authority is given on 10 April.

11 April – The Marquess of Bath, in conjunction with Jimmy Chipperfield, opens Longleat Safari Park, with "the lions of Longleat", at his Longleat House, the first such drive-through park outside Africa.

15 April – Time magazine uses the phrase "Swinging London".

19 April – Ian Brady and Myra Hindley go on trial at Chester Crown Court, charged with three so-called Moors Murders.

30 April – Regular hovercraft service begins over the English Channel (discontinued in 2000 due to competition with the Channel Tunnel.)

Liverpool win the Football League First Division title for the second time in three seasons.

3 May – Swinging Radio England and Britain Radio commence broadcasting on AM with a combined potential 100,000 watts from the same ship anchored off the south coast of England in international waters.

6 May – The Moors Murderers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley are sentenced to life imprisonment for three child murders committed between November 1963 and October 1965. Brady is guilty of all three murders and receives three concurrent terms of life imprisonment, while Hindley is found guilty of two murder charges and an accessory charge which receives two concurrent life sentences alongside a seven-year fixed term.

12 May – African members of the UN Security Council say that the British army should blockade Rhodesia.

14 May – Everton defeat Sheffield Wednesday 3-2 in the FA Cup final at Wembley Stadium, overturning a 2-0 Sheffield Wednesday lead during the final 16 minutes of the game.

16 May – A strike is called by the National Union of Seamen, ending on 16 July.

18 May – Home Secretary Roy Jenkins announces that the number of police forces in England and Wales will be cut to 68.

26 May – Guyana achieves independence from the United Kingdom.

6 June – BBC1 television sitcom Till Death Us Do Part begins its first series run.

23 June – The Beatles go on top of the British singles charts for the 10th time with Paperback Writer.

29 June – Barclays Bank introduces the Barclaycard, the first British credit card.

3 July – 31 arrests made after a protest against the Vietnam War outside the US embassy turns violent.

12 July – Zambia threatens to leave the Commonwealth because of British peace overtures to Rhodesia.

14 July – Gwynfor Evans becomes member of Parliament for Carmarthen, the first ever Plaid Cymru MP, after his victory at a by-election.

15 July – A ban on black workers at Euston railway station is overturned.

16 July – Prime Minister Harold Wilson flies to Moscow to try to start peace negotiations over the Vietnam War. The Soviet Government rejects his ideas.

20 July – Start of 6-month wage and price freeze.

26 July – Lord Gardiner issues the Practice Statement in the House of Lords stating that the House is not bound to follow its own previous precedent.

30 July – England beats West Germany 4-2 to win the 1966 World Cup at Wembley. Geoff Hurst scores a hat-trick and Martin Peters scores the other English goal in a game which attracts an all-time record UK television audience of more than 32,000,000.

1 August – Everton sign Blackpool’s World Cup winning midfield player Alan Ball, Jr. for a national record fee of £110,000.

2 August – Spanish government forbids overflights of British military aircraft.

4 August – The Kray Twins are questioned in connection with a murder in London.

5 August – The Beatles release the album Revolver.

10 August – George Brown succeeds Michael Stewart as Foreign Secretary.

12 August – Three policemen are shot dead in Shepherd’s Bush, West London, while sitting in their patrol car in Braybrook Street.

15 August – John Whitney is arrested and charged with the murder of three West London policemen.

17 August – John Duddy is arrested in Glasgow and charged with the murder of three West London policemen.

18 August – Tay Road Bridge opens.

24 August – Tom Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead is first staged, at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

29 August – The Beatles play their very last concert at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, California.

3 September – Barely five months after the death of Barry Butler, a second Football League player this year dies in a car crash; 30-year-old John Nicholson, a Doncaster Rovers centre-half who previously played for Port Vale and Liverpool.

5 September – Selective Employment Tax imposed.

15 September – Britain’s first Polaris submarine, HMS Resolution, launched at Barrow-in-Furness.

17 September – Oberon-class submarine HMCS Okanagan launched at Chatham Dockyard, the last warship to be built there.

19 September – Scotland Yard arrests Ronald "Buster" Edwards, suspected of being involved in the Great Train Robbery (1963).

27 September – BMC makes 7,000 workers redundant.

30 September – The Bechuanaland Protectorate in Africa achieves independence from the U.K. as Botswana.

4 October – Basutoland becomes independent and takes the name Lesotho.

18 October – The Ford Cortina MK2 is launched.

20 October – In economic news, 437,229 people are reported to be unemployed in Britain – a rise of some 100,000 on last month’s figures.

21 October – Aberfan disaster in South Wales, 144 (including 116 children) killed by collapsing coal spoil tip.

22 October – British spy George Blake escapes from Wormwood Scrubs prison; he is next seen in Moscow.

Spain demands that United Kingdom stop military flights to Gibraltar – Britain says "no" the next day.

25 October – Spain closes its Gibraltar border against vehicular traffic.

5 November – Thirty-eight African states demand that the United Kingdom use force against Rhodesian government.

9 November – The Rootes Group launches the Hillman Hunter, a four-door family saloon to compete with the Austin 1800, Ford Cortina and Vauxhall Victor.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6aTt-zFlo4

15 November – Harry Roberts is arrested near London and charged with the murder of three policemen in August.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXp36IUpDkU

16 November – The BBC television drama Cathy Come Home, filmed in a docudrama style, is broadcast on BBC1. Viewed by a quarter of the British population, it is considered influential on public attitudes to homelessness and the related social issues it deals with.

24 November – Unemployment sees another short rise, now standing at 531,585.

30 November – Barbados achieves independence.

1 December – Prime Minister Harold Wilson and Rhodesian Prime minister Ian Smith negotiate on HMS Tiger in the Mediterranean.

12 December – Harry Roberts, John Whitney and John Duddy are sentenced to life imprisonment (each with a recommended minimum of thirty years) for the murder of three West London policemen in August.

20 December – Harold Wilson withdraws all his previous offers to Rhodesian government and announces that he agrees to independence only after the founding of black majority government.

22 December – Rhodesian Prime minister Ian Smith declares that he considers that Rhodesia is already a republic.

31 December – Thieves steal millions of pounds worth of paintings from Dulwich Art Gallery in London.

Undated

Centre Point, a 32-floor office building at St Giles Circus in London, designed by Richard Seifert for property speculator Harry Hyams, is completed. It remains empty for around a decade.

London School of Contemporary Dance founded.

Mathematician Michael Atiyah wins a Fields Medal.

The motorway network continues to grow as the existing M1, M4 (including the Severn Bridge on the border of England and Wales) and M6 motorways are expanded and new motorways emerge in the shape of the M32 linking the M4 with Bristol, and the M74 near Hamilton in Scotland.

Japanese manufacturer Nissan begins importing its range of Datsun branded cars to the United Kingdom.

The 1966 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Brands Hatch on 16 July 1966. It was the fourth round of the 1966 World Championship. It was the 21st British Grand Prix and the second to be held at Brands Hatch. It was held over 80 laps of the four kilometre circuit for a race distance of 341 kilometres.

The race, the first of the new three-litre engine regulation era where starters reached 20 cars,

was won for the third time by Australian driver Jack Brabham in his Brabham BT19, his second win in succession after winning the French Grand Prix two weeks earlier. New Zealand driver Denny Hulme finished second in his Brabham BT20, a first 1–2 win for the Brabham team. The pair finished a lap ahead of third placed British driver Graham Hill in his BRM P261. Brabham’s win ended a streak of 4 consecutive wins by Jim Clark at the British Grand Prix. Brabham’s win put him ten points clear in the championship chase over Austrian Cooper racer Jochen Rindt with Hulme and Ferrari’s Lorenzo Bandini a point further back.

1965–66 in English football

7 October 1965: An experiment to broadcast a live game to another ground takes place. Cardiff City play Coventry City and the match is broadcast to a crowd of 10,000 at Coventry’s ground Highfield Road.

20 March 1966: The World Cup is stolen from an exhibition at Central Hall, Westminster, where it was on show in the run-up to this summer’s World Cup in England.

27 March 1966: The World Cup is recovered by Pickles, a mongrel dog, in South London.

16 April 1966: Liverpool seal the First Division title for the seventh time in their history with a 2–0 home win over Stoke City.

14 May 1966: Everton win the FA Cup with a 3–2 win over Sheffield Wednesday in the final at Wembley Stadium, despite going 2–0 down in the 57th minute.

11 July 1966: England, as the host nation, begin their World Cup campaign with a goalless draw against Uruguay at Wembley Stadium.

16 July 1966: England’s World Cup campaign continues with a 2–0 win over Mexico (goals coming from Bobby Charlton and Roger Hunt) that moves them closes to qualifying for the next
stage of the competition.

20 July 1966: England qualify for the next stage of the World Cup with a 2–0 win over France in their final group game. Roger Hunt scores both of England’s goals.

23 July 1966: England beat Argentina 1–0 in the World Cup quarter-final thanks to a goal by Geoff Hurst.

26 July 1966: England reach the World Cup final by beating Portugal 2–1 in the semi-final.

Bobby Charlton scores both of England’s goals.

30 July 1966: England win the World Cup with a 4–2 win over West Germany in extra time.

Geoff Hurst scores a hat-trick, with Martin Peters scoring the other goal.

Honours

Competition Winners
First Division Liverpool
Second Division Manchester City
Third Division Hull City
Fourth Division Doncaster Rovers
FA Cup Everton
League Cup West Bromwich Albion
Charity Shield Manchester United and Liverpool (shared)
Home Championship England

My solex from 1953
prototype manufacturers in china
Image by Kees Wielemaker (pedaal)
Solex (bromfiets)

Solex is de naam van een Frans bedrijf dat vooral expertise had in de productie van carburateurs. Het bedrijf is daarnaast ook beroemd geworden door de rijwielen met hulpmotor, die het tussen 1946 en 1988 produceerde onder de naam Vélosolex (in Nederland afgekort tot Solex).

De volledige bedrijfsnaam was Vélosolex S.I.F.A.C., Courbevoie, Seine.

Men begon in 1946 met de productie van 48 cc Clip-on motoren en bromfietsen. Het bekendst werd de kleine bromfiets met een motorblokje dat via een wrijvingswiel het voorwiel aandrijft.

De eerste Solex ontstond per toeval toen de Fransen Maurice Goudard en Marcel Mennesson in 1905 een fabriekje begonnen voor kleine motoronderdelen. In 1918 maakte men een fiets met een hulpmotor boven het achterwiel. Hierna werd Solex vooral bekend van de carburateurs voor automobielen. Toen Marcel Menesson begreep dat er na de Tweede Wereldoorlog weinig vraag naar auto’s zou zijn ontwikkelde hij een nieuw hulpmotortje dat boven het voorwiel werd geplaatst. In 1941 werden er al 30 prototypes op bestaande fietsen gebouwd, in 1942 gevolgd door een voorserie die al het beroemde zwanenhalsframe had. De introductie vond in 1946 plaats. Hoewel het blokje in de loop der jaren werd verbeterd bleef het toch in principe gelijk aan het eerste type 129.

Het bedrijfje kreeg verschillende eigenaren, waaronder Renault, Motobécane en Yamaha.

In 1996 kocht een Franse importeur 60 % van de aandelen en het merk verhuisde naar Hongarije. Daar worden de kleine bromfietsjes nog steeds gebouwd. In Nederland werden Solex bromfietsen van 1948 tot 1969 in licentie gebouwd door de Productiemaatschappij Van der Heem NV die ze voor R.S. Stokvis & Zonen maakte, in de ENAF (Eerste Nederlandse Autorijwielen Fabriek). Het type 3800 (uit 1966) wordt nog steeds gebouwd in Hongarije (Cyclon) en China (Dong Tian). Vooral in het begin van de jaren 60 waren solexen erg populair bij meisjes, daar waar de Puch, de Floret en andere bromfietsen bij de jongens erg in trek waren.

De Nederlandse exemplaren hebben een andere kleur dan de Franse. In 2005 werd bekend gemaakt dat het merk Solex nieuw leven werd ingeblazen door het Franse bedrijf Mopex. Daar worden gewoon de oude modellen opnieuw geproduceerd, maar om juridische redenen onder de merknaam Black ‘n Roll.

In 2005 ontstond commotie in de Nederlandse Solexwereld vanwege het verplichte bromfietskenteken. Oude Solexen waren in oorsprong bromfietsen en mochten dus niet op het fietspad rijden. Doordat gebruik van het fietspad vaak oogluikend door de politie werd toegestaan was er eigenlijk geen echt probleem. Met het bromfietskenteken zou echterdoor de kleur van de kentekenplaat precies zichtbaar worden welke Solex een bromfiets en welke een snorfiets (en dus wel op het fietspad mocht rijden) was. Half februari 2006 werd bekend dat Solexen gebouwd voor 1974 tijdelijk kosteloos en zonder keuring omgezet kunnen worden naar snorfiets. Het is de enige motoraangedreven snorfiets. Op het kenteken staat bromfiets, maar omdat daar ook op vermeld staat dat de maximale snelheid 25 km per uur is, is het dus toch een snorfiets.

SoleX

VeloSolexVéloSoleX is a moped or motorised bicycle, that was originally produced by the French manufacturer Solex, based in Paris, France. Founded at the turn of the last century, the company manufactured centrifugal radiators, carburetors, and micrometers, before branching into assist motors and bicycles. Owned successively by Dassault, Renault, Motobécane/ MBK, VéloSoleX sold more than 7 million VéloSoleX worldwide before ceasing production in France in 1988. Production of the VéloSoleX restarted in both China and Hungary after 1988, but production ceased in Hungary in 2002. Today the Velosolex is manufactured in France. The trademark "VéloSoleX" is the property of Velosolex America, LLC. Velosolex America markets the VéloSoleX world wide.

Ferrari FXX-K
prototype manufacturers in china
Image by emperornie
【Overview】
· Manufacturer Ferrari
· Production 2015
【Body and chassis】
· Class Track day car
· Development prototype
· Body style 2-seat berlinetta
· Layout Rear Wheel Drive
· Related LaFerrari
【Powertrain】
· Engine 6.3 L naturally aspirated 1,036bhpF140 V12, electric motor & KERS
· Transmission seven-speed paddle-shift dual-clutch automatic transmission
【Dimensions】
· Wheelbase 2,650 mm (104 in)
· Length 4,896 mm (192.8 in)
· Width 2,051 mm (80.7 in)
· Height 1,116 mm (43.9 in)
· Curb weight 1255kg dry

* Date from Wikipedia

Cool Fast Prototyping photos

Cool Fast Prototyping photos

Klarm Prototyping

Verify out these quick prototyping images:

Fading on, then rolling more than
fast prototyping
Image by Spyderella
Here you can watch the fade-on impact as each and every time interval elapses (set to six seconds alternatively of ten minutes in the course of the prototyping and building phase), and then the flip to the other hour indicator when the &quothour&quot rolls over.

The fade is achieved employing PWM (pulse-width modulation), the technique by which you make a digital (on/off) device like an LED act in an analog style (variable brightness). PWM signifies the LED is speedily switching amongst on and off, so rapidly that you never see the flickr. If the &quoton&quot period is the identical duration as the &quotoff&quot period–that is, 50/50–then the LED appears half as bright as a normal LED. If it spends a little much more time off than on, then it will appear dimmer yet. The Arduino comes with six pins already set up to take care of the PWM effect for you you can create to the pins as if they have been analog, so that’s what I’m using right here. In the Arduino system (called a &quotsketch&quot), I increase the brightness worth inside a loop, and the LED fades on.

DEMO-Founder-College-Muir-01560
fast prototyping
Image by The DEMO Conference
Clover Foods CEO Ayr Muir gives a keynote entitled ‘Rapid Prototyping in The Quickly Meals Business’ for the duration of DEMO Fall 2013 at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, California Wednesday October 16, 2013. Comprehensive coverage of DEMO, the Launchpad for Emerging Technologies and Trends, can be found at bit.ly/DEMOsite.

GHI Electronics Kit

GHI Electronics Kit

Klarm Prototyping

A handful of nice quick prototyping pictures I located:

GHI Electronics Kit
fast prototyping
Image by Michael Kappel
Embedded Electronics Starter Kit from GHI Electronics

FEZ Spider Starter Kit
www.ghielectronics.com/catalog/item/297

FEZ Spider Starter Kit is the very first commercially available .NET Gadgeteer-compatible kit. it contains almost everything necessary for educators, hobbyists and even pros. Embedded development is quickly &amp effortless (FEZ) thanks to .NET Micro Framework, .NET Gadgeteer and the several GHI value added features such as WiFi and USB Host.

The kit involves:

FEZ Spider Mainboard
Show T35 Module (3.5&quot with touchscreen)
USB Client DP Module (with USB cable)
Camera Module
2x Multicolor LED Module (DaisyLink)
2x Button Module
Ethernet J11D Module
SD Card Module
USB Host Module
Extender Module
Joystick Module
10cm IDC cables (integrated with modules).
Assorted IDC Cable Pack:
4x 5cm IDC cables
3x 20cm IDC cables
1x 50cm IDC cable
Reusable Plastic Storage Box

FEZ Spider Mainboard is a .NET Gadgeteer-compatible mainboard primarily based on GHI Electronics’ EMX module. This tends to make FEZ Spider Mainboard the most feature-full .NET Gadgeteer compatible device in the market. It includes all of .NET Micro Framework core attributes and adds many exclusive features, such as USB host, WiFi and RLP (loading native code). All these features combine to offer a speedy prototyping platform.

Crucial Characteristics:

14 .NET Gadgeteer compatible sockets that contain these varieties: X, Y, A, C, D, E, F, H, I, K, O, P, S, T, U, R, G, B and Z.
Configurable on-board LED
Configuration switches.
Based on GHI Electronics EMX module
72MHz 32-bit ARM7 processor
4.5 MB Flash
16 MB RAM
LCD controller
Complete TCP/IP Stack with SSL, HTTP, TCP, UDP, DHCP
Ethernet, WiFi driver and PPP ( GPRS/ 3G modems) and DPWS
USB host
USB Device with specialized libraries to emulate devices like thumb-drive, virtual COM (CDC), mouse, keyboard
76 GPIO Pin
two SPI (8/16bit)
I2C
four UART
two CAN Channels
7 10-bit Analog Inputs
ten-bit Analog Output (capable of WAV audio playback)
4-bit SD/MMC Memory card interface
6 PWM
OneWire interface (accessible on any IO)
Built-in True Time Clock (RTC) with the suitable crystal
Processor register access
OutputCompare for creating waveforms with higher accuracy
RLP allowing customers to load native code (C/Assembly) for real-time needs
Extended double-precision math class
FAT File Technique
Cryptography (AES and XTEA)
Low power and hibernate help
In-field update (from SD, network or other)
Dimensions: W two.25&quot x L two.05&quot x H .5&quot

Power

Low energy and hibernate modes
Active power consumption 160 mA
Idle power consumption 120 mA
Hibernate energy consumption 40 mA

Enviromental:

Calls for .NET Gadgeteer common red energy modules.
RoHS compliant /Lead-totally free compliant

Most EMX computer software features are GHI exclusive, see software documentation for specifics.

For more data about .NET Gadgeteer visit:
www.netmf.com/gadgeteer/

Photograph taken by Michael Kappel
www.MichaelKappel.com

AIARG2015 Conference
fast prototyping
Image by colaborativa.eu
The “barn raising” carried out in Amish communities in USA or the social housing initiatives promoted by Lewisham Council in London throughout the 80’s are great examples of how collective self-develop can be a effective social mechanism for strengthening communities.

Fab Lab Limerick from the School of Architecture at UL in collaboration with the Spanish style agency Colaborativa.eu is researching about the prospective of digital fabrication and open supply methodologies to produce low-cost building systems. These systems are adequate for distributed manufacturing techniques and can be utilised by the communities to self-create temporary collective spaces. By undertaking so, the construction system presented in this paper not only supplies a pragmatic solution whilst a much more permanent collective space is pursued, but it also turn into a helpful instrument for social engagement and collective work.

The last iteration of this investigation is a geodesic dome construction method based on low price materials and digital fabrication manufacturing. The design gives a wonderful resistance to wind and snow loads and can span up to 14 meters employing really tiny and light components. The system consists in a continuous tension, discontinuous compression structure of cardboard tubes connected by CNC reduce plywood hubs which had been developed in a fast iterative design approach making use of laser cutting.

We believe that full-scale structural systems utilizing domestic digital fabrication for each fast prototyping and manufacturing can open up innovation in building technologies to communities all around the world.

DEMO-Seed-07432
fast prototyping
Image by The DEMO Conference
Seed launches Seed Speedy Prototyping Kit in the Web of Issues industry segment during DEMO Fall 2014 at the San Jose Convention Center in San Jose, California, on Thursday, November 20, 2014. Primarily based on Seed technology (employing Bluetooth Smart), the Fast Prototyping Kit gives companies a whole spectrum of new characteristics suited for the World wide web of Items market place. It permits connected items to be build quick and simply. For far more info on Seed please check out bit.ly/DEMO-Seed. Total coverage of DEMO, New Tech Solving Huge Troubles, can be found at bit.ly/DEMOsite. Photo by Stephen Brashear (www.stephenbrashear.com)

Second Maker Art Class at the Lycée Français

Second Maker Art Class at the Lycée Français

Klarm Prototyping

Some cool china prototyping photos:

Second Maker Art Class at the Lycée Français
china prototyping
Image by fabola
In our second maker art class at the Lycée Français in Sausalito, we invited youngsters to decorate their Chinese New Year Wonderbox. We showed them videos of the wonderboxes we created for the ‘Pataphysical Slot Machine, then invited them to style their personal. They picked a color wallpaper, chinese zodiac wheel, jewels and art objects, then attached them to their boxes — and added the LED paper lantern they had produced the prior week. They created some quite original scenes, as you can see in our show &amp inform images.

The students completed their tasks effectively and continued to get pleasure from themselves. Next week, they will commence operating on their animal characters, primarily based on the Chinese Zodiac. They will add LEDs for the eyes, and a motor to make them move, then will decorate them and install them in their boxes in coming weeks. We are now laser-cutting the animals out of maple wood, to give them a framework to start with. You can adhere to our progress in this private album, which is only offered to parents, children and staff involved in this class.

I am very grateful to my friend Cynthia Gilbert for joining me as a volunteer to help teach this course in the subsequent 6 months: it makes a large distinction to have her in the classroom, so she can help students construct their boxes. Heartfelt thanks as effectively to my wife Phyllis for preparing the gorgeous art supplies for this class, to Geo Monley for letting me use his laser cutter, to Tara Brown at Kithub for supplying the electronic parts — and to my pataphysical buddies Howard, Jean, Natalina and Mark for prototyping our first batch of animals. Merci, les amis!

I am actually enjoying teaching this class how to produce their own interactive art with electronics. It is a curious and talented group, and they look motivated to combine art and technologies to bring their wonderboxes to life. I appear forward to our subsequent measures collectively.

373px-Nicotiana_Tobacco_Plants_1909px

373px-Nicotiana_Tobacco_Plants_1909px

Klarm Prototyping

Check out these stamping parts china images:

373px-Nicotiana_Tobacco_Plants_1909px
stamping parts china
Image by Jim Surkamp
Ambrose Ranson Remembers Jefferson County in the 1840s & 1850s Part 2
youtu.be/sKyR3ZLv55I TRT: 8:16

civilwarscholars.com/?p=11948 2436 words

This is taken from one of six essays written for Sewanee Review from 1913 to 1915 by Ambrose Robert Hite Ranson (1831-1919) about his growing up years living at his family home, Gap View, and his experiences during the Civil War as a Confederate officer. His observations are very informative about daily life pre-war amid unacceptable observations condoning the enslavement of other human beings. His account is still important in its rendering of daily work on a farm in the 1840s and 1850s in Jefferson County, Virginia, one of the most agricultural counties in the Virginias. These conditions were substantially different in the northern Shenandoah Valley when compared to the brutal monocultures in the deep South. Enslavement in Jefferson County, based on writings of those – white and black – who lived here then – was one of diverse work, the pervasive fear of being sold south, pockets of profound cruelty, and the tantalizing nearness of the option of escaping to freedom.

Made possible with the generous, community-minded support of American Public University System, providing an affordable, quality, online education. The views and interpretations in any videos here and at civilwarscholars.com do not in any way reflect modern-day policies of American Public University System, and are intended to encourage learning and discussion. More at apus.edu

REMINISCENCES OF THE CIVIL WAR BY A
CONFEDERATE STAFF OFFICER* 8058 words

(FIRST PAPER)

Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War Part 2

1. There_was_a_wedding_Bedington
There was a wedding in our neighborhood at Bedington, the home of the Bedingers, and my

2. sister_was_bridesmaid_Strother_WVU
3. to_her_cousin_Fannie_Davenport_wvhistoryonview
sister was bridesmaid to her cousin. In those days a house party was arranged in much more simple fashion than now. The houses had few rooms, but generally very large ones, and all the bridesmaids were quartered in one room. At this wedding there was a girl from Hoboken,

4. a_Miss_Sevens_Judy_James_Ware
a Miss Stevens, of the wealthy family of that name.

When my sister returned home she did not unpack her trunk until late at night. My father was sitting up reading, when she entered the room in great distress, holding in her hands Miss Stevens’s jewel-case, containing such jewels as we had never seen before. It was

5. midnight_and_very_cold
midnight and very cold, and a heavy snow was falling.

6. Frank_his_trusted_servant_Strother_WVU
My father sent for Frank, his trusted servant, and giving the case into his hands and telling him it was worth more than all he owned, ordered him to get a horse and ride to Bedington four miles distant and give the case into the hands of Miss Stevens, and no one else. Frank made the ride that stormy night and compelled the lady to come down in her night clothes and receive the jewel-case and write a letter of acknowledgement. Some careless maid had packed Miss Steven’s jewels in my sister’s trunk.

7. Before_the_railroad_Map_Maryland_1831
Before the railroad was built, Frank drove the wagon of flour to Baltimore, and, even after the railroad was built, still Frank went every year before Christmas to Baltimore

8. load_of_flour_Currier_Ives
with a load of flour, bringing back a load which made everybody, white and black, happy at that festival.

9. arrived_after_dark_Strother_Feb_1855_P_300
He generally arrived after dark, and the big canopied wagon was driven to the front door and left there during the night, the six great smoking horses having been led away to the stable. After supper the wagon was unloaded and the treasures revealed to us, the children.

In those days the factor, or commission merchant, had duties which are unknown now. When he sold the flour he filled orders for every conceivable want of the family. I met an old factor, after I came to Baltimore to live, who told me he had, with the assistance of his

10. entire_trousseau_of_many_a_bride_Metropolitan_Museum
wife, bought and had made up the entire trousseau of many a bride, besides outfits for the entire families of his friends in the country. The reader can imagine what an event Frank’s arrival with his wagon was to us. I have now a handsome service of china which was brought from Baltimore on Frank’s wagon. One Christmas observance the negroes had which was very peculiar.

11. when_the_hogs_were_killed_wikipedia
When the hogs were killed in December they preserved the bladders and, inflating them and tying the necks tightly to retain the air, they hung them up to dry, and on Christmas morning, while the stars were shining, they laid them on the frozen ground under the windows of the

12. and_exploded_them_by_stamping_on_them_Harpers_Aug_1872_P_350
white folks and exploded them by stamping on them, thus awakening the family and saluting them on the arrival of the great festival.

13. one_of_the_songs_Ox_Cart_Van_Gogh
I remember part of one of the songs which the ox-driver sang in a slow monotone, sitting on the pole of the ox-cart, and keeping time to the slow, swinging steps of the oxen: "See the bull go to school, hooie booie, hooie booie, See the bull go to school, hooie booie John. See the bull go to school, with his book on his horn, And that is the last of old blind John. See the cow build the mill, hooie booie, hooie booie, See the cow build the mill, hooie booie John. See the cow build the mill, water runnin’ up the hill, An that is the last of old blind John.” The verses were endless and seem to have been extemporized as he drove along.

14. The_masters_part_was_not_difficult_Harpers_August_1856_P_317
The master’s part was not difficult. He was kind because kindness paid him well. He took care of his slave because it was money in his pocket to do so, and money out of his pocket if he did not. Of course, there were other and higher motives in individuals, but we must look for a motive for the multitude. That the negro was better housed, better fed, better clothed, and better looked after in sickness than now, was simply because the owner had money at stake. He had warm clothing, plenty of wholesome food, and a good doctor when ill, because of that money.

In September the cloth and yarn for his winter clothing were brought home from the factory, and the work of making up began and was only finished at Christmas. In every household there was a woman who could cut out the garments, and all the younger girls had been taught how to sew and knit. During the year, all the girls, in clean frocks, assembled in some room in the great house every morning, and the class of sewers and knitters was presided over by some

15. spectacled_old_negro_woman_Sojourner_Truth_wikipedia
spectacled old negro woman, whose word was law to them. The work of making up the clothing and knitting yarn socks went on under her supervision, and at Christmas every man and woman on the place appeared in new clothes and new shoes and warm woolen stockings. Every man had an

16. overcoat_every_four_years_Strother_WVu_Stephen
overcoat every four years, and a flannel jacket, called by them a ’warmus’, to wear under his waistcoat in cold weather.

17. tobacco_was_issued_Dunhill
18. when_a_boy_I_loved_to_be_the_distributer_Srother_WVU_boy_smoking
His tobacco was issued to him once a week, and when a boy I loved to be the distributer. Sometimes it was bought in kegs of about 100 pounds, and was called ‘black-strap’, and one

19. Some_of_them_chewed_it_Kennedy_Swallow_Barn_P_405
20. smoked_it_in_their_corncob_pipes_Kennedy_Swallow_Barn_P_448
strap, sometimes two, was the ration. Some of them chewed it and some of them smoked it in their corncob pipes, when tobacco was raised from the virgin soil. Every year a farmer would clear a small patch of ground, sufficient for the wants of his farm, and plant it in tobacco. The fragrance of the negro’s corncob pipe was notorious, and was due to the fact that no fertilizer had been used in growing his tobacco.

21. smoke

References:

Ranson, A. R. H. “Reminiscences of a Civil War Staff Officer By A Confederate Staff Officer, First Paper: Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War.” The Sewanee Review. Vol. 21, No. (4 Oct. 1913), pp. 428-447.

Ranson, A. R. H. “Reminiscences of a Civil War Staff Officer By A Confederate Staff Officer, First Paper: Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War.” The Sewanee Review.
Internet Archives. archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.
archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.

Lick Run Plantation – West Virginia Division of Culture and History
wvculture.org 2 March 2000 Web. 20 January 2014
www.wvculture.org/shpo/nr/pdf/berkeley/84003476.pdf

History coming alive: The Lick Run Plantation
June 20, 2010 The Journal News
Don C. Wood, Historical society
journal-news.net 16 August 2000 Web. 24 January 2014.

Stone homes in Berkeley County are rare, but our Fall Tour is fortunate to be able to showcase five – one in Bedington, two in Martinsburg, one in Arden and one in Jones Springs. Our sixth home is a "green" and eco-friendly home located at Broomgrass in beautiful Back Creek Valley.

One of the finest, early, native limestone farm complexes in our country is the Lick Run Plantation, located at 1210 Bedington Road. The complex consists of a beautiful stone mansion, a huge stone barn and a stone mill. The mansion house has never before been open to the public.

The Light family was a very well-known family of Berkeley County. In 1816, Samuel Light sold the Peter Light mill, stone house and barn to Henry Bedinger and Stephen W. Foreman.

A court suit in Chancery Court decreed that Foreman owned one-third interest in the mill tract of 306 acres and one-third in the Hock tract of land. They were put up at an auction on May 13, 1829. Bedinger had pulled down the old log mill and built the beautiful, native limestone mill building in 1816.

The notice in the Martinsburg Gazette read as follows: "The Hoke tract has the largest limestone spring in Berkeley County. The 300 acre tract is improved with a merchant mill, dwelling house, kitchen and large barn, all built of stone. Also a miller house and sundry outbuildings."

Bedinger purchased the one-third interest giving him full ownership. Major Bedinger did not live on the Lick Plantation but at his 1802 stone house, Protuma, south of Martinsburg. Later the area around the mill took the name of Bedington after Bedinger. (After the death in 1843 of Bedinger, Elizabeth Bedinger Davenport inherited the Bedington Lick Mill tract with 306 acres and the adjoining Hoke tract of 154 acres. At her death in 1865, the Bedington tract then went to Frances W. Gibson, wife of John Thomas Gibson, who sold the Lick Farm in 1865 to John and Emanuel Kennedy). A court case developed and the Lick Farm was sold for ,250 to John Kennedy.

www.journal-news.net/page/content.detail/id/538868/Histor…

bridesmaid to the wedding was Georgianna Hite (Ranson) Washington – the daughter of James Lackland Ranson by his wife Frances Madison Hite she was born ca. 1822 @ Jefferson County, Virginia now West Virginia she married 22 Oct. 1845 @ Charles Town, Jefferson County, Virginia now West Virginia to Benjamin Franklin Washington son of John Thornton Augustine Washington by his wife Elizabeth Conrad Bedinger & died December 3, 1860 @ San Francisco, San Francisco County, California.

Miller, Thomas C.; Hu Maxwell. (1912). “West Virginia and Its People, Vol. 3.” New York, NY: Lewis Historical Company. Print.

Miller, Thomas C.; Hu Maxwell. (1912). “West Virginia and Its People, Vol. 3.” books.google.com 24 November 2005 Web. 25 January 2014. p. 1204.

books.google.com/books?id=Fnk_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1204&…

1. James Lackland Ranson, b. Dec 1821
2. Deborah Frances Ranson, b. 29 Nov 1823
3. Ambrose A. M. Ranson, b. 21 Jan 1827
4. Sarah Elizabeth Bibb Ranson, b. 21 Aug 1829
5. Ambrose Robert Hite Ranson, b. 12 Apr 1831
6. Georgiana Ranson b: 1822

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia.” [microform] (Volume Reel 0953 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Free Schedules – Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Print.

United States. Bureau of the Census; United States. National Archives and Records Service. (1964). “Population schedules of the seventh census of the United States, 1850, Virginia.” [microform] (Volume Reel 0953 – 1850 Virginia Federal Population Census Free Schedules – Jackson, James City, and Jefferson Counties).” Internet Archives. 31 July 2008. Web. 3 February 2014.
archive.org/details/populationschedu0953unix

Jefferson County, Virginia
28 1187 1202 Ranson James L. 59 M WFarmer 61,200 VA
29 1187 1202 Ranson Frances M. 58 F W VA
30 1187 1202 Washington Georgana 28 F W VA
31 1187 1202 Ranson Bettie B. 20 F W VA
32 1187 1202 Ranson Ambrose R. 19 M W VA X
33 1187 1202 Ranson James F. 17 M W Va X
34 1187 1202 Washington John J. 4 M W VA
35 1187 1202 Washington Franklin B. 2 M W VA

Image Credits:

Gap View Farm, Charles Town, W. Va. (042619)
wvhistoryonview.org 9 October 2010 Web. 26 January 2014.
wvhistoryonview.org/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=ic_all;op2…

Old Mill at Bedington; Martinsburg, W. Va. (041803)
wvhistoryonview.org 9 October 2010 Web. 26 January 2014.
wvhistoryonview.org/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=ic_all;op2…

Mrs. John Thomas Gibson (d: 1909)
wvhistoryonview.org 9 October 2010 Web. 26 January 2014.
wvhistoryonview.org/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=ic_all;op2…

Mary Picton Stevens (May 19, 1840 – September 21, 1903), who went on to marry Virginia politician Muscoe Russell Hunter Garnett
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Augustus_Stevens

Mary Picton Lewis & son, Edwin Augustus Stevens Lewis
Photo owned by James and Judy Ware
John Reagan
Mrs. Judy C. Ware
2716 Jaclyns Trail
Edmond, OK 73012
waregenealogy.com 28 June 20-12 Web. 26 January 2014.
www.waregenealogy.com/GraceEpiscopalChurch-Chapter5.htm

File:American Homestead Winter – Currier and Ives.png
wikimedia.org 24 July 2003 Web. 26 January 2014.
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:American_Homestead_Winter…

Whipper
Strother, David H., "Virginia Illustrated." Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 11, Issue: 63, (Aug., 1855). pp. 289-311. Print.

Strother, David H., "Virginia Illustrated." Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014.

p. 289 the whipper full
ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=ha…

Strother, David H., "Virginia Illustrated." Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, New York, NY: Harper and Bros. Volume 10, Issue: 57, (Feb., 1855). pp. 289-310. Print.

Strother, David H., "Virginia Illustrated." Harper’s New Monthly Magazine. Cornell Digital Library – The Making of America. 19 July 2011. Web. 29 January 2014.
teamster p. 300
ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=ha…

Sojourner Truth – Carte de Visite
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carte_de_visite.jpg

Ox Cart in the Snow by Vincent Van Gogh
bandagedear.com 29 October 2010 Web. 26 January 2014.
www.bandagedear.com/artist/vincent-van-gogh/14

“The factor” commission merchant
Strother, David Hunter
Dove Baggage Master Dec. 1st 1858. Baltimore
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

Strother, David Hunter; Lock’s Old Stephen. 1845. Martinsburg Va.
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

“Ambrose Ranson smoking a cigar”
Strother, David Hunter; Martinsburg 1845
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

“Farm Gate”
Strother, David Hunter; Martinsburg October 2nd, 1859
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

canopied wagon
Strother, David Hunter; Montgomery Geb. 7th 1857.
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

horses eating hay
Strother, David Hunter; Untitled
images.lib.wvu.edu 6 August 2004 Web. 20 January 2014.
images.lib.wvu.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=wvca_cr;op2…

tobacco plants in spring
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicotiana_Tobacco_Plants_1909p…

Mr. Fezziwig’s Ball
Dickens, Charles. (December, 1843). “A Christmas Carol.” Illustrated by John Leech. Chapman & Hall, 186, Strand: London. Print.

Dickens, Charles. (December, 1843). “A Christmas Carol.” Internet Archives. archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.
ia600204.us.archive.org/12/items/achristmascarol00046gut/…

Baltimore City 1850s
painting by George A. Frederick
georgeafrederick.com 28 January 2011 Web. 24 January 2014.
georgeafrederick.com/baltimore.html

Map of the country embracing the various routes surveyed for the Balt. & Ohio Rail Road by order of the Board of Engineers. Drawn by Lt. J. Barney, U.S. Army. memory.loc.gov 4 May 1999 Web. 27 January 2014.
/cgi-bin/map_item.pl?data=/home/www/data/gmd/gmd384/g3841…

Wedding (dress) 1820-1869, Plate 075
Costume Institute Fashion Plates. Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries 12 February 2011 Web. 24 January 2014.
libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/p1532…

Delft plate (1760-1780)
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Delft_plate_faience_Famille_Ro…

Two Boys Blowing a Bladder by Candle-light
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BoysBlowingBladder_by_Peter_Pe…

Two Boys Blowing a Bladder by Candle-light
Date1773
Mediumaquatint, red and brown print
Source/Photographerhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/aqtn/ho_68.589A.htm

Eleazer Hutchinson Miller (American artist, 1831–1921) Selling Christmas Greens
bjws.blogspot.com 10 June 2010 Web. 26 January 2014.
bjws.blogspot.com/2013_12_20_archive.html

Eastman Johnson (American painter, 1824-1906) Christmas Time the Blodgett Family 1864
historytoday.com 5 February 1998 Web. January 25 2014.
www.historytoday.com/penne-restad/christmas-19th-century-…

Dunhill Early Morning Pipe Tobacco, 1990’s Murray
Date15 March 2007
SourceOwn work
AuthorSjschen (Sjschen)
wikipedia.org 27 July 2001 Web. 18 January 2014.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DunhillEarlyMorningPipeMurrays…

some men chewed it
Kennedy, John P. (1856). “Swallow barn; or, A sojourn in the Old Dominion.” revised edition. New York, NY: G. P. Putnam & Sons. Print.

Kennedy, John P. (1856). “Swallow barn; or, A sojourn in the Old Dominion.” revised edition. Internet Archive archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.
archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.

Eastman Johnson. (painting) The Chimney Corner, 1863. Oil on canvas. 39.37 x 33.655 cm. (15½" x 13¼")
Museum of Art, Munson-Williams-Proctor Institute (Utica, New York, United States).

Eastman Johnson (American painter, 1824-1906) Fiddling His Way 1866 Detail.
Eastman Johnson – Fiddling His Way – Oil on canvas – 24.35 x 36.25 in – 1866 – Scanned from Eastman Johnson: Painting America – fig 78 pg 149
Author died more than 70 years ago – public domain
wikimedia.org 24 July 2003 Web. 26 January 2014.
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eastman_Johnson_-_Fiddlin…

MADE IN CHINA.jpg
stamping parts china
Image by christophercozier
"MADE IN CHINA" stamps have been so much a part of our lives growing up in Caribbean. In the past it was pencils and plastic pencil-sharpeners, yellow twelve-inch-rulers etc. Modest items with all the associations of developing countries and low level consumption. Today, in the same locations, for people with bigger budgets, it is now monolithic structures and narratives of progress.
I bought this little stamp in a mall in Port of Spain. I began to see these little stamps more and more over the years. Apparently they are quite commonly used for labeling, on arrival, in small shops? Why are they being labeled here in Trinidad? What would the value of labeling my work this way in narratives of development and progress? So far I have begun to label drawings of pedestals for politicians to stand upon.
I am about to install a newer updated version of "Tropical Night" at the TATE, Liverpool in the Afro-Modern exhibition. I packed my little rubber stamp.

Baltimore_1850s_George_A_Frederick
stamping parts china
Image by Jim Surkamp
Ambrose Ranson Remembers Jefferson County in the 1840s & 1850s Part 2
youtu.be/sKyR3ZLv55I TRT: 8:16

civilwarscholars.com/?p=11948 2436 words

This is taken from one of six essays written for Sewanee Review from 1913 to 1915 by Ambrose Robert Hite Ranson (1831-1919) about his growing up years living at his family home, Gap View, and his experiences during the Civil War as a Confederate officer. His observations are very informative about daily life pre-war amid unacceptable observations condoning the enslavement of other human beings. His account is still important in its rendering of daily work on a farm in the 1840s and 1850s in Jefferson County, Virginia, one of the most agricultural counties in the Virginias. These conditions were substantially different in the northern Shenandoah Valley when compared to the brutal monocultures in the deep South. Enslavement in Jefferson County, based on writings of those – white and black – who lived here then – was one of diverse work, the pervasive fear of being sold south, pockets of profound cruelty, and the tantalizing nearness of the option of escaping to freedom.

Made possible with the generous, community-minded support of American Public University System, providing an affordable, quality, online education. The views and interpretations in any videos here and at civilwarscholars.com do not in any way reflect modern-day policies of American Public University System, and are intended to encourage learning and discussion. More at apus.edu

REMINISCENCES OF THE CIVIL WAR BY A
CONFEDERATE STAFF OFFICER* 8058 words

(FIRST PAPER)

Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War Part 2

1. There_was_a_wedding_Bedington
There was a wedding in our neighborhood at Bedington, the home of the Bedingers, and my

2. sister_was_bridesmaid_Strother_WVU
3. to_her_cousin_Fannie_Davenport_wvhistoryonview
sister was bridesmaid to her cousin. In those days a house party was arranged in much more simple fashion than now. The houses had few rooms, but generally very large ones, and all the bridesmaids were quartered in one room. At this wedding there was a girl from Hoboken,

4. a_Miss_Sevens_Judy_James_Ware
a Miss Stevens, of the wealthy family of that name.

When my sister returned home she did not unpack her trunk until late at night. My father was sitting up reading, when she entered the room in great distress, holding in her hands Miss Stevens’s jewel-case, containing such jewels as we had never seen before. It was

5. midnight_and_very_cold
midnight and very cold, and a heavy snow was falling.

6. Frank_his_trusted_servant_Strother_WVU
My father sent for Frank, his trusted servant, and giving the case into his hands and telling him it was worth more than all he owned, ordered him to get a horse and ride to Bedington four miles distant and give the case into the hands of Miss Stevens, and no one else. Frank made the ride that stormy night and compelled the lady to come down in her night clothes and receive the jewel-case and write a letter of acknowledgement. Some careless maid had packed Miss Steven’s jewels in my sister’s trunk.

7. Before_the_railroad_Map_Maryland_1831
Before the railroad was built, Frank drove the wagon of flour to Baltimore, and, even after the railroad was built, still Frank went every year before Christmas to Baltimore

8. load_of_flour_Currier_Ives
with a load of flour, bringing back a load which made everybody, white and black, happy at that festival.

9. arrived_after_dark_Strother_Feb_1855_P_300
He generally arrived after dark, and the big canopied wagon was driven to the front door and left there during the night, the six great smoking horses having been led away to the stable. After supper the wagon was unloaded and the treasures revealed to us, the children.

In those days the factor, or commission merchant, had duties which are unknown now. When he sold the flour he filled orders for every conceivable want of the family. I met an old factor, after I came to Baltimore to live, who told me he had, with the assistance of his

10. entire_trousseau_of_many_a_bride_Metropolitan_Museum
wife, bought and had made up the entire trousseau of many a bride, besides outfits for the entire families of his friends in the country. The reader can imagine what an event Frank’s arrival with his wagon was to us. I have now a handsome service of china which was brought from Baltimore on Frank’s wagon. One Christmas observance the negroes had which was very peculiar.

11. when_the_hogs_were_killed_wikipedia
When the hogs were killed in December they preserved the bladders and, inflating them and tying the necks tightly to retain the air, they hung them up to dry, and on Christmas morning, while the stars were shining, they laid them on the frozen ground under the windows of the

12. and_exploded_them_by_stamping_on_them_Harpers_Aug_1872_P_350
white folks and exploded them by stamping on them, thus awakening the family and saluting them on the arrival of the great festival.

13. one_of_the_songs_Ox_Cart_Van_Gogh
I remember part of one of the songs which the ox-driver sang in a slow monotone, sitting on the pole of the ox-cart, and keeping time to the slow, swinging steps of the oxen: "See the bull go to school, hooie booie, hooie booie, See the bull go to school, hooie booie John. See the bull go to school, with his book on his horn, And that is the last of old blind John. See the cow build the mill, hooie booie, hooie booie, See the cow build the mill, hooie booie John. See the cow build the mill, water runnin’ up the hill, An that is the last of old blind John.” The verses were endless and seem to have been extemporized as he drove along.

14. The_masters_part_was_not_difficult_Harpers_August_1856_P_317
The master’s part was not difficult. He was kind because kindness paid him well. He took care of his slave because it was money in his pocket to do so, and money out of his pocket if he did not. Of course, there were other and higher motives in individuals, but we must look for a motive for the multitude. That the negro was better housed, better fed, better clothed, and better looked after in sickness than now, was simply because the owner had money at stake. He had warm clothing, plenty of wholesome food, and a good doctor when ill, because of that money.

In September the cloth and yarn for his winter clothing were brought home from the factory, and the work of making up began and was only finished at Christmas. In every household there was a woman who could cut out the garments, and all the younger girls had been taught how to sew and knit. During the year, all the girls, in clean frocks, assembled in some room in the great house every morning, and the class of sewers and knitters was presided over by some

15. spectacled_old_negro_woman_Sojourner_Truth_wikipedia
spectacled old negro woman, whose word was law to them. The work of making up the clothing and knitting yarn socks went on under her supervision, and at Christmas every man and woman on the place appeared in new clothes and new shoes and warm woolen stockings. Every man had an

16. overcoat_every_four_years_Strother_WVu_Stephen
overcoat every four years, and a flannel jacket, called by them a ’warmus’, to wear under his waistcoat in cold weather.

17. tobacco_was_issued_Dunhill
18. when_a_boy_I_loved_to_be_the_distributer_Srother_WVU_boy_smoking
His tobacco was issued to him once a week, and when a boy I loved to be the distributer. Sometimes it was bought in kegs of about 100 pounds, and was called ‘black-strap’, and one

19. Some_of_them_chewed_it_Kennedy_Swallow_Barn_P_405
20. smoked_it_in_their_corncob_pipes_Kennedy_Swallow_Barn_P_448
strap, sometimes two, was the ration. Some of them chewed it and some of them smoked it in their corncob pipes, when tobacco was raised from the virgin soil. Every year a farmer would clear a small patch of ground, sufficient for the wants of his farm, and plant it in tobacco. The fragrance of the negro’s corncob pipe was notorious, and was due to the fact that no fertilizer had been used in growing his tobacco.

21. smoke

References:

Ranson, A. R. H. “Reminiscences of a Civil War Staff Officer By A Confederate Staff Officer, First Paper: Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War.” The Sewanee Review. Vol. 21, No. (4 Oct. 1913), pp. 428-447.

Ranson, A. R. H. “Reminiscences of a Civil War Staff Officer By A Confederate Staff Officer, First Paper: Plantation Life in Virginia Before the War.” The Sewanee Review.
Internet Archives. archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.
archive.org 26 January 1997 Web. 20 January 2014.

Soviet Truck ZIS-150. 1947 – 57. Грузовой автомобиль ЗИС-150.

Soviet Truck ZIS-150. 1947 – 57. Грузовой автомобиль ЗИС-150.

Klarm Prototyping

Verify out these china prototype photos:

Soviet Truck ZIS-150. 1947 – 57. Грузовой автомобиль ЗИС-150.
china prototype
Image by Peer.Gynt
The ZIS-150 was a Soviet truck. In 1947 it replaced the ZIS-5 on assembly line. ZIS-150 with each other with GAZ-51 was the major Soviet truck of ’50s, judging by their quantity. The cabin of ZIS-150 was related with the cabin of International Harvester KR11 truck. In 1957, the base ZIS-150 model was replaced by ZIL-164, which differed outwardly only by vertical grille bars and bumper. ZiS-150 was also manufactured in Braşov, Romania amongst 1954-1960 beneath SR-101 badge at &quotSteagul Rosu&quot (Red Flag) and in China below Jiefang CA-ten badge at Very first Automobile Functions. At least one particular prototype was constructed in North Korea under the the name &quotChollima&quot.

Years of production: 1947 – 1957
General production: 774615 units
Specifications4x2 4000 kg truck
Engine: 90 hp/2400 rpm, 6-cyl, 5555 cc
Bore/Stroke: 101.six/114.3 mm
Length: 6,720 mm (264.6 in), width: 2,385 mm (93.9 in), height: 2,180 mm (85.eight in)
Wheelbase: four,000 mm (157.5 in), rear axis clearance: 265 mm (10.4 in)
Front wheel track: 1,700 mm (66.9 in)
Rear track: 1,740 mm (68.5 in)
Turning radius on front outer wheel: eight. m (26.2 ft)
Compression ratio: 6.
Clutch: twin disk, dry
Gearbox: five speeds
Weight (with out load): 3,900 kg (8,598 lb)
Maximal speed (loaded, highway): 65 km/h (40 mph)
Tyres: 9,00×20 inches
Fuel capacity: 150 L (40 US gal 33 imp gal)
Fuel consumption: 29 L/one hundred km (9.7 mpg-imp eight.1 mpg-US)

Inside Google’s Project Loon — providing every single cell phone direct access to the Web
china prototype
Image by jurvetson
With the prospective to bypass telcos and government censors. It will be fascinating to see how the fly-over rights negotiations go for China and nations that want to manage the connections to their men and women, for political or organization reasons.

Google can very easily avoid the Northern Hemisphere altogether to commence. They hope to have all main cities in the Southern Hemisphere covered 90% of the time later this year. They have 7 balloon up at present, but have had as several as 70 up at one time. The ultimate international remedy is 10’s of thousands.

The only navigation manage is vertical (adding or removing air as ballast the helium remains in a separate part of the balloon) so they can catch or avoid the prevailing winds.

Here you see some of the engineering team. I am rooting for them to support democratize access across the planet, and supply a competitive alternative to the limited broadband choices in many parts of the world today.